Open systems refer to systems that interact with their environment, allowing for the exchange of resources, information, and energy. These systems are dynamic, adaptable, and have the ability to self-regulate. In open systems, the boundaries between the system and its environment are permeable, allowing for a constant flow of inputs and outputs. This concept is often used in various fields such as biology, sociology, and business to understand how systems interact with and are influenced by their surroundings. Researchers in this area study how open systems operate, evolve, and respond to changes in their environment. Additionally, they explore how these systems can adapt to new conditions and thrive in complex and unpredictable environments.